Pace said:
I tried finding the FDA approval and 2003 doesn't really make sense. Injections were pretty common - but implant in 2003??? No article on this stated the actually brand name - there are two substances that are often confused. But the one implant I found (no in depth digging for hours, though) says FDA approval was 2006. Other trials in 2011.
I checked a few addiction forums and there's no buzz in that timeframe about an implant all later.
This reminds me of article claiming that he supposedly had used Propofol at the end of the 80ies- when it wasn't even available yet.
Was this available in any of the court documents - or is this just usual hearsay from tabloids?
FDA approval is not required so you are checking the wrong source. There are a lot of drugs - such as diet pills- that are being sold with no FDA approval.
The main drug is quite old , it was developed in 1967. (FAD approved in 1971) As for the implants I found this "The
first implants for clinical as opposed to experimental use were made around
1997 by George Malmberg of Wedgewood Pharmacy, Sewell, NJ." and this "‘
Second generation’ implants use another established implant technique - embedding naltrexone in a matrix of biodegradable polymer microspheres. The first available implant of this type is made by Dr George O’Neill of GO-Medical Industries in Perth, WA. " No specific dates are given but the article states at the end of the 90s. (apparently the main drug is also available in nasal spray format - not FDA approved but being sold with a prescription) There are medical journal articles dating back to 1998 talking effectiveness and side effects of such implants.
So FDA approved or not, these implants - or pellets as they are actually called- were available since 1997.
And as for the court documents : Yes there's a court document that quotes Fournier - nurse anesthesiologist- that states that Michael had a narcan implant at 2003.
edited to add this
he supposedly had used Propofol at the end of the 80ies- when it wasn't even available yet.
"Propofol was originally developed in the UK by Imperial Chemical Industries as ICI 35868. Clinical trials followed in 1977, using a form solubilised in cremophor EL. However, due to anaphylactic reactions to cremophor, this formulation was withdrawn from the market and subsequently reformulated as an emulsion of a soya oil/propofol mixture in water. The emulsified formulation was relaunched in
1986 by ICI (now AstraZeneca) under the brand name
Diprivan (abbreviated version of diisopropyl intravenous anesthetic)"
So Propofol was available since 1986. It got FDA approval in 1989.