Re: Michael - The Great Album Debate (Only Go Here if You Want To Continue The Controversy)
First of all allow me to thank you for taking the time to read my posts and points that I raised. At least we have some common grounds to discuss the matter by taking into account each other's arguments and try to logically answer them rather than calling people names.
Now, as we have the common ground for discussion I am going to take into consideration your counterarguments and doctoral apporach of examining the points that are discussed here.
The recent discussion about the comparisons - analysis and proof prompted me to write this which is a combination of a basic knowledge of voice recognition and good enough of knowledge of scientific research and statistic basics - combined with a little of legal info.
First, with all due respect, let's agree that having basic knowledge in voice recognition couldn't be taken seriously in such a debate contrary to your knowledge related to law.
As far as I am concerned, although I am not a musician, languages are my profession --and that includes linguistics, phonetics, phonology, stress, accent, and all the related components. In other words, my daily job is to correct adults' accents, which I am extremely sensitive to.
For that part only in all honesty there are some words in the songs "BN" and "MONSTER" that are not stressed the way Michael stresses them. In addition to the misplaced stress there is the issue with the voice timbre.
Back to the
stress. This latter is something that a software cannot correct or recognize as they are built so that they take into account native speakers from different regions of the country or the world. In this very case only the
ear can be the judge, not a software despite all the artificial intelligence-like computer programs. For more details about that pm me I'll explain it, since this is not a debate here.
Second, as a professional translator, it is impossible to translate a document without
objective profound scientific research. For example, if I want to translate a chemical composition of a drug I need to make a thorough research of all the biochemical formulas and appropriate terms.
The same goes for a legal contract. In order to translate a legal document, a translator must first understand the judicial system with appropriate terms before translating it into another language. In other words, a translator's job is 90% of the time objective research, and only then, after acquiring enough terminology and having absorbed the subject that he can type the translation. In all modesty, as a translator, that is my job too, which means that I am extremely sensitive to the manner a research is conducted, not to mention the reason of such a research (in our case, according to the article I posted, people from SONY most probably had/have clearly questioned those tracks).
Third and final, as far as
legal matters are concerned, of course that if the tracks happen to be fake, it means that it would require an extremely elaborated and difficult to believe forgery. Yet, it is
not mission impossible.
Let's first cover some bases
Let's.
not true IMO. ears / our hearings are subjective - not objective. for example there's a saying that if something happens and 100 people witness it and you ask them you'll get 100 different version of the events. And we also see how our hearing is subjective as we are divided in hearing Michael or not on the Cascio songs.
As far as
hearing is concerned, in case of language accent emphasized on the words I provided in earlier posts, the hearing is not subjective. The hearing is objective for the following reason: the ear is acustomed to recognize Michael's accent on all previous songs and uses it automatically as a reference already.
On the Cascio tracks that accent on some words is replaced by an alien accent to the ear. I also explained that people with smaller range frequency ability to hear won't hear it clearly due to their mother tongues probably or due to other reasons related to the sensitivity of their ear. That actually explains why some people can be duped and some not.
What is subjective however is our taste. We like or dislike what we hear, but we cannot deny that something is as a matter of fact different.
As far as
witnessing is concerned, the comparison is absolutely not relevant in our case. Before witnessing something, we first must hear or see it. What we hear or see is the same for everyone. But what we witness in our head is different! And that's why the story told by the witnesses will differ.
In other words
hearing or seeing is general truth, whereas
witnessing is individual truth. Indeed, if you and I hear someone say
"Break a leg!". We both will hear the general truth, i.e. what the person said. But our own interpretation will differ. You will as a native speaker pretend that the person who said "break a leg!" wished "good luck!", while I as a non native (not knowing the expression) will most probably pretend that the person who said "break a leg" was extremely impolite and mean! Hence, we will not have 2 different hearings, but two different interpretations of the same hearing. So the 100 witnesses with 100 stories isn't really a result of 100 truths, but of the same truth seen from different angles and perspectives.
In the case of the Cascio tracks we all hear the same Cascio tracks (general truth), but what our brain witnesses depends on the sensitivity of our ears (difference of opinion influenced by many factors). All in all, the truth is not both believers' and non-believers'. The truth is one and in order to obtain it we must deploy all what we've got to prove the truth as it is presented to us with our decades trained ears.
more about the analysis later on
ok
yes it's a belief, a personal opinion as they are not doing any scientific comparisons (by all accounts they were asked to listen to the vocals and tell their opinions). however it's an educated/expert opinion.
With all due respect, they are not necessarily Michael Jackson's fans and don't know him by heart. Therefore, their, as precious as they may be, educated ears' opinion are not as educated as our fans' ears' educated opinion.
In addition, the article that I posted clearly hides the name of those who questioned the tracks. Which means that some educated ears were there and questioned the tracks. We should not neglect that.
For example if there was no scientific objective method / info and we went to court on a he said - she said basis and a fan said "I listened to MJ for 30 years and my ears are perfect and this is not MJ" and Bruce Sweedien said "Nope I hear MJ, it's him". His opinion would have more weight as he is 1) educated in music 2) worked with MJ 3) heard his vocals in every format etc etc.
IF, and that's a big IF, we went to court we fans would lose the case. I do not deny that.
However, the court abides by the rules of the court according to the law that are implemented -which actually makes it extremely rigid. In this case you clearly state that the court would give more credit to Bruce Swedien thanks to his credentials solely. Basically, although I understand the court's decision to believe more Bruce than an unknown fan, we should not neglect that a fan who spent decades listening Michael could be less wrong than an engineer who is probably not as fan and who in those 20 years met Michael on several occasions only.
In other words, imagine you as a lawyer work on a case of your client on a regular basis for several years. Despite the fact that you know your client's case, it does not mean that you know the client himself so well as someone from outside who followed all his gestures, mimics, voice, manners, and who would probably be a more suitable lawyer had he or she have access to the job you do. Looking from that perspective, Teddy, Bruce or any non-fan audiologist would not necessarily be more competent than faithful fans' ears. The only problem of this latter is his/her lack of credentials to defend their point of view or the truth they see in court. So the opinion (twisted truth) coming from the strongest, smartest or more elitist will always prevail.
Now let's start examining the comparison methods and "objective scientific test"
First of all let me start by saying I appreciate all the time and effort that goes into such comparison audio and videos and I also respect everyone that finds them as convincing and damning however in the scientific sense they are subjective as the coming to a conclusion depends on our ears. Similarly in the legal sense they don't prove anything.
First, our ears clearly hear the similarities, which is not a subjective opinion, but a fact. As I explained above, our ears are not less objective than a software unable to deliver all the accuracy we are looking for. The software will do its best, but in the end it is as subjective as our ears since it does not take into account the word stress as a mistake or as a mismatch
Second, legal sense will depend on the people who have credentials. But as I stated earlier, people with credentials, although they know their job, they don't necessarily know the man from the same angle many others do.
Better comparison examples are waveform/ frequency / pitch etc analysis ( that shows these colorful lines etc when comparing two different samples) that shows differences and similarities. However they are also inconclusive as they aren't complete.
The examples I have seen generally takes a word from a MJ song and same word from a Cascio song and compare them statistically and yes in some instances show a difference. YET it fails to answer whether this difference is statistically significant or completely acceptable as it doesn't include a range in the comparison.
All those comparison achieves to show a word from a Cascio song is in some extent (but we don't know how much) different than the same word in a MJ song.
Of course. Yet, had they been aware of Malachi from the very beginning they would first start the tests with his voice, not with Michael's voice as a reference.
Let's discuss a basic "voice recognition" programming and how it works
I have actually seen a very basic example of this and I think it's a common program to write. Basically what happens is you say a single word such as "hello" that the script compares to your voice (previously recorded) and shows a a message of "welcome john" if it matches and "you are not John" if it doesn't match.
Now the comparison sample here is the important point - even in this basic script it needed 10 recordings of "hello" for the computer to determine an average voice profile and error. The thing is we don't always sound exactly the same and with the 10 recordings and averaging and maximum - minimum points the program comes up with an "range". and that's the thing that allows you to answer questions of "how much difference is there?" and "is that difference an acceptable difference" or "it is significantly different"..
To say that they carried out a "scientific objective analysis" they need to account for that.
Now let's think about how they can probably do the analysis in this case and let's learn about reliability and validity.
For every scientific test you need to establish reliability and validity which means that 1) the test measures what it's supposed to measure and 2) gives consistent results in every time it's used.
How could they do this? Let's think about simple examples. If Michael had sing on 100 songs in his lifetime
- they could have taken 20 vocals and come up with the average comparison range sample and do it with another 20 vocals and then compare the two samples and to establish that regardless of the base songs used they come up with a good representative sample of MJ's voice.
- and then test it other songs that they haven't used in the determination of the comparison sample - if your test/ sample is correct such comparisons will result in "99% MJ" results.
Estate statement (see below) hints that they did such reliability and validity tests
All what you explain is correct and purely scientific, however, all the figures you use are speculative as they serve as a fictious example. The results have never been published, and that is my concern.
Bumper raises an interesting and equally important point
As one part of the reliability and validity determination is to determine "is this really measuring what it's supposed to measure" such comparisons is also generally done. For example in lie detector tests they will ask the person to lie on purpose to make sure that the test can detect the difference between a lie and the truth. So again most probably they would have run non-MJ vocals (I'm not saying they compared "Jason Malachi" vocals to MJ. I'm just saying a "non-mj vocal" who that might be is anyone's guess. ) to test and demonstrate that the program can successfully say "it's not MJ".
Reliability and validity are "must do" for every scientific test and research however their details are rarely expressed in detail in a written format. For example in most academic journals they would only be referred as "reliability and validity tests were done and it showed that the measures implemented are valid". However if needed the researchers / experts can provide the details of such tests (I'm doing my PhD and I had an article in peer review which has a single sentence about reliability and validity. one of the reviewers asked me to send him a copy of the tests/ data/ results to check on them. Those details weren't included in the published article)
I also want to say that without such determination such test will not be "scientific" and wouldn't hold in court.
You are explaining what they should have done. But we fans do not have access to what was actually done. Even if they did as seriously as you are explaining it here, let's bear in mind that if the imitator is good enough, he could fool the softwares they used. Take the example of George Michael's imitator. If they had taken those vocals, I am certain that the software would have almost a perfect match, had the recordings of "jesus to a child" been done in a studio.
Another nice point from Bumper
one thing bumper is right is that yes it's possible for a sound alike to fool a test and there's also the possibility of error.
Now most common confidence interval is 95% in statistical tests - which means that there's a 5% chance of a false positive (in other words in our example the test saying it's MJ when it's not actually him singing).
Then we need to consider multiple songs / multiple tests - for example if you say Breaking News is not Michael but yet the test mistakenly said it's Michael - that's 5% false positive which is completely possible. But if you are saying that none of the vocals on 10 Cascio songs are MJ but yet the test said they are all MJ - it's a 100% error rate - which simply wouldn't happen.
What I'm saying is yes it's possible for such test mistakenly say it's MJ when it's not him but it will happen 1 in 10 instances and not in 10 in 10 instances.
A counter argument to this would be "what if the sound alike is good?"
Well yes but they need to be really really good so good that they can sound like MJ in 95% of the time.
Scientifically speaking, if an imitator sings all the songs within the same frequency range, not adventuring himself too much beyond his abilities of copying the original voice, yes, he could record a dozen of songs and fool the software. It is not a miracle, it is a method and a rule to respect - to know his limits and not to attempt foolish and more difficult melodies to sing.
.
Now we need to ask "Is Jason Malachi this good?" Well apparently he isn't. When we listen to "Jason Malachi songs" are we fooled to think it's MJ like 90% of the time? No. If he was that good then we wouldn't be having this discussion as a mass majority will be hearing "MJ" with a few claiming "there was something wrong" (again 1-2 songs can pass by but it wouldn't be all).
I disagree. As I said above. If Malachi respects the rule of not going beyond his capacities and stay within the same frequency on a dozen of songs, he could easily record a dozen if not hundreds of songs within the
frequency where his voice sounds the most as Michael's and dupe people. He'd probably never attempt to sing songs such as "Speechless" or "Butterflies", but some easier songs would be without a problem for him.
Plus we also need to account for the human factor - the forensic expert in this case - although the soundalike vocals could be quite similar they would have shown a pattern of difference which will be caught by the human in this case. (For example I conduct surveys during my research we add control questions etc and I can tell when a student just circles mid point in every question or didn't read the questions etc. Similarly I think a forensic expert can distinguish patterns of difference - which would raise a red flag)
Let's see how many will read this to the end
This
IS all about what it is! The pattern
HAS been caught by the human. The tracks are as a matter of fact questioned and the analysis carried out. What the machine did not catch, the human ear did.